{"id":94344,"date":"2025-11-13T14:38:46","date_gmt":"2025-11-13T13:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/granholm-i-wolf-coincideixen-que-la-transicio-energetica-avanca-pero-lescenari-politic-mundial-la-complica\/"},"modified":"2025-11-19T13:15:12","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T12:15:12","slug":"granholm-i-wolf-coincideixen-que-la-transicio-energetica-avanca-pero-lescenari-politic-mundial-la-complica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/granholm-i-wolf-coincideixen-que-la-transicio-energetica-avanca-pero-lescenari-politic-mundial-la-complica\/","title":{"rendered":"Granholm i Wolf coincideixen que la transici\u00f3 energ\u00e8tica avan\u00e7a, per\u00f2 l’escenari pol\u00edtic mundial la complica"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jennifer<\/span> M. Granholm<\/span>, <\/strong>exsecret\u00e0ria<\/span> del<\/span> Departament<\/span> d’Energia<\/span> dels<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span>, i Martin<\/span> Wolf<\/span><\/strong>, editor<\/span> adjunt<\/span> i columnista<\/span> d’economia<\/span> al Financial<\/span> Times<\/span><\/em>, han<\/span> protagonitzat<\/span> una<\/span> nova<\/span> edici\u00f3<\/span> del<\/span> cicle<\/span> de confer\u00e8ncies<\/span> d’alt<\/span> nivell<\/span> Energy<\/span> Prospectives<\/span> que<\/span> organitzen<\/span> Fundaci\u00f3<\/span> Naturgy<\/span> i IESE<\/span> Business<\/span> School<\/span>. En aquesta<\/span> 21a edici\u00f3<\/span>, els<\/span> convidats<\/span> han<\/span> tractat<\/span> sobre<\/span> l\u2019estat<\/span> de l\u2019economia<\/span> mundial<\/span> i les<\/span> seves<\/span> implicacions<\/span> per<\/span> al futur<\/span> de l\u2019energia<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Jennifer<\/span> M. Granholm<\/span><\/strong> ha comen\u00e7at<\/span> la seva<\/span> intervenci\u00f3<\/span> donant<\/span> un missatge<\/span> d’esperan\u00e7a<\/span> sobre<\/span> la direcci\u00f3<\/span> que<\/span> est\u00e0<\/span> prenent<\/span> el sector<\/span> de l’energia<\/span>, que<\/span> \u201cmalgrat<\/span> el fort<\/span> augment<\/span> de la demanda<\/span> impulsat<\/span>, entre<\/span> altres<\/span> factors<\/span>, per<\/span> la intel<\/span>\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia<\/span> artificial<\/span>, les<\/span> projeccions<\/span> indiquen<\/span> que<\/span> serem<\/span> capa\u00e7os<\/span> de satisfer<\/span>-la\u201d. A m\u00e9s<\/span>, afirmava<\/span> que<\/span> la Uni\u00f3<\/span> Europea<\/span> va afegir<\/span> l’any<\/span> passat<\/span> uns<\/span> 60 gigawatts<\/span> de capacitat<\/span> a la xarxa<\/span>, una<\/span> xifra<\/span> similar<\/span> a la dels<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span>, i es preveu<\/span> que<\/span> els<\/span> nord<\/span>–americans<\/span> incorporin<\/span> prop<\/span> de 230 gigawatts<\/span> addicionals<\/span> fins<\/span> al 2030.<\/p>\n

Granholm<\/span> mostrava<\/span> tamb\u00e9<\/span> una<\/span> visi\u00f3<\/span> de futur<\/span>, en qu\u00e8<\/span> \u201cla modernitzaci\u00f3<\/span> de les<\/span> xarxes<\/span> el\u00e8ctriques<\/span> i el paper<\/span> de la intel<\/span>\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia<\/span> artificial<\/span> seran<\/span> determinants<\/span>\u201d. \u201cEs preveu<\/span> que<\/span> la factura<\/span> el\u00e8ctrica<\/span> de les<\/span> llars<\/span> augmenti<\/span> cap<\/span> a un 20% per<\/span> al 2030, en part<\/span> a causa<\/span> de les<\/span> inversions<\/span> necess\u00e0ries<\/span> en distribuci\u00f3<\/span> i transmissi\u00f3<\/span>, en un context<\/span> en el qual<\/span> la capacitat<\/span> efectiva<\/span> de la xarxa<\/span> amb<\/span> prou<\/span> feines<\/span> se situa<\/span> entorn<\/span> del<\/span> 15%\u201d.<\/p>\n

Tancava<\/span> la seva<\/span> pon\u00e8ncia<\/span> posant<\/span> en valor<\/span> que<\/span> \u201csi aconseguim<\/span> aprofitar<\/span> les<\/span> tecnologies<\/span> d\u2019optimitzaci\u00f3<\/span> de xarxa<\/span> i les<\/span> eines<\/span> basades<\/span> en intel<\/span>\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia<\/span> artificial<\/span> per<\/span> dirigir<\/span> millor<\/span> els<\/span> fluxos<\/span> d\u2019energia<\/span>, podrem<\/span> extreure<\/span> molt<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> rendiment<\/span> de la infraestructura<\/span> actual<\/span>, reduint<\/span> la necessitat<\/span> de crear<\/span> instal<\/span>\u00b7lacions<\/span> noves<\/span>\u201d. Conclo\u00efa<\/span> afirmant<\/span> que<\/span> \u201cencara<\/span> que<\/span> als<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span> i a la Uni\u00f3<\/span> Europea<\/span> hi hagi<\/span> colls<\/span> d\u2019ampolla<\/span> en permisos<\/span> i terminis<\/span>, la IA pot<\/span> accelerar<\/span> enormement<\/span> el funcionament<\/span> del<\/span> sistema<\/span> el\u00e8ctric<\/span>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Per<\/span> la seva<\/span> banda<\/span>, Martin<\/span><\/strong> Wolf<\/span><\/strong> destacava<\/span> que<\/span> \u201chi ha una<\/span> aut\u00e8ntica<\/span> revoluci\u00f3<\/span> en el camp<\/span> de l\u2019energia<\/span>, encara<\/span> que<\/span> des<\/span> del<\/span> punt<\/span> de vista<\/span> clim\u00e0tic<\/span>, el seu<\/span> avan\u00e7<\/span> \u00e9s m\u00e9s<\/span> lent<\/span> del<\/span> desitjable<\/span> i, amb<\/span> l\u2019actual<\/span> administraci\u00f3<\/span> dels<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span>, aquest<\/span> proc\u00e9s<\/span> s\u2019ha<\/span> vist<\/span> encara<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> alentit<\/span>. Al mateix<\/span> temps<\/span>, vivim<\/span> una<\/span> transformaci\u00f3<\/span> profunda<\/span> en la hist\u00f2ria<\/span> geopol\u00edtica<\/span>, ja que<\/span> el canvi<\/span> del<\/span> paper<\/span> dels<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span> al m\u00f3n<\/span> apunta<\/span> que<\/span> no tornarem<\/span> a l\u2019statu<\/span> quo<\/span><\/em> anterior<\/span> i, en el marc<\/span> de la guerra<\/span> comercial<\/span> actual<\/span>, es pot<\/span> dir<\/span> que<\/span> la Xina<\/span> no ha perdut<\/span>, potser<\/span> encara<\/span> no sabem<\/span> si ha guanyat<\/span>, per\u00f2<\/span> per<\/span> descomptat<\/span> no n\u2019ha<\/span> sortit<\/span> derrotada<\/span>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Wolf<\/span> afirmava<\/span> que<\/span> estan<\/span> observant<\/span> amb<\/span> preocupaci\u00f3<\/span> \u201ccom<\/span> l\u2019ordre<\/span> internacional<\/span> es veu<\/span> cada<\/span> vegada<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> alterat<\/span> per<\/span> l\u2019auge<\/span> del<\/span> populisme<\/span>, un fenomen<\/span> que<\/span> hist\u00f2ricament<\/span> ha demostrat<\/span> ser<\/span> molt<\/span> nociu<\/span> per<\/span> a les<\/span> economies<\/span>. Si aquesta<\/span> revoluci\u00f3<\/span> segueix<\/span> el seu<\/span> curs<\/span>, els<\/span> seus<\/span> efectes<\/span> seran<\/span> molt<\/span> negatius<\/span> per<\/span> a les<\/span> perspectives<\/span> econ\u00f2miques<\/span> i tindran<\/span> grans<\/span> conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies<\/span> pol\u00edtiques<\/span>\u201d. En aquest<\/span> context<\/span>, destacava<\/span> tamb\u00e9<\/span> el paper<\/span> que<\/span> est\u00e0<\/span> assumint<\/span> l\u2019administraci\u00f3<\/span> Trump<\/span> en aquest<\/span> segon<\/span> mandat<\/span>, en qu\u00e8<\/span> \u201cha absorbit<\/span> l\u2019administraci\u00f3<\/span> pr\u00e0cticament<\/span> del<\/span> tot<\/span>, mostrant<\/span> una<\/span> actitud<\/span> molt<\/span> agressiva<\/span> cap<\/span> a la ci\u00e8ncia<\/span> i tractant<\/span> els<\/span> seus<\/span> aliats<\/span> com<\/span> a vassalls<\/span>. Aquest<\/span> comportament<\/span> com<\/span> a superpot\u00e8ncia<\/span> explotadora<\/span>, unit<\/span> al paper<\/span> igualment<\/span> depredador<\/span> de la Xina<\/span>, que<\/span> aprofita<\/span> la seva<\/span> posici\u00f3<\/span> com<\/span> a prove\u00efdor<\/span> d\u2019entrades<\/span> essencials<\/span>, configurar\u00e0<\/span> un entorn<\/span> internacional<\/span> molt<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> hostil<\/span> i complex<\/span>, especialment<\/span> per<\/span> a Europa<\/span>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed<\/span>, l\u2019editor<\/span> adjunt<\/span> del<\/span> Financial<\/span> Times<\/span><\/em> acabava<\/span> la seva<\/span> intervenci\u00f3<\/span> parlant<\/span> sobre<\/span> les<\/span> incerteses<\/span> econ\u00f2miques<\/span> i financeres<\/span> que<\/span> \u201cs\u2019agreugen<\/span> per<\/span> l\u2019adopci\u00f3<\/span> de pol\u00edtiques<\/span> comercials<\/span> basades<\/span> en aranzels<\/span> discriminatoris<\/span>, variables<\/span>, poc<\/span> previsibles<\/span> i inestables<\/span>, que<\/span> dificulten<\/span> enormement<\/span> la presa<\/span> de decisions<\/span> empresarials<\/span> i llasten<\/span> l\u2019economia<\/span> mundial<\/span> a llarg<\/span> termini<\/span>\u201d. D\u2019altra<\/span> banda<\/span>, Wolf<\/span> ha ressaltat<\/span> que<\/span> \u201cens<\/span> enfrontem<\/span> al risc<\/span> real<\/span> d\u2019una<\/span> caiguda<\/span> del<\/span> comer\u00e7<\/span> global<\/span> que<\/span>, tot<\/span> i que<\/span> no frenar\u00e0<\/span> completament<\/span> el creixement<\/span>, s\u00ed que<\/span> el debilitar\u00e0<\/span>\u201d. I, en parlar<\/span> de l\u2019impacte<\/span> que<\/span> tindr\u00e0<\/span> aquesta<\/span> situaci\u00f3<\/span> en termes<\/span> energ\u00e8tics<\/span>, ha volgut<\/span> posar<\/span> en relleu<\/span> que<\/span> les<\/span> temperatures<\/span> continuen<\/span> augmentant<\/span>, assolint<\/span> ja 1,5 \u00b0C per<\/span> sobre<\/span> dels<\/span> nivells<\/span> preindustrials<\/span>.<\/p>\n

En l\u2019obertura<\/span> de la sessi\u00f3<\/span>, Rafael<\/span> Villaseca<\/span><\/strong>, president<\/span> de Fundaci\u00f3<\/span> Naturgy<\/span>, destacava<\/span> el comprom\u00eds<\/span> de la Fundaci\u00f3<\/span> amb<\/span> iniciatives<\/span> socials<\/span> com<\/span> la promoci\u00f3<\/span>, l\u2019an\u00e0lisi<\/span> i la difusi\u00f3<\/span> del<\/span> coneixement<\/span> sobre<\/span> el m\u00f3n<\/span> de l\u2019energia<\/span>. \u201cEl nostre<\/span> objectiu<\/span> \u00e9s enriquir<\/span> la societat<\/span> i donar<\/span> suport<\/span> a una<\/span> millor<\/span> presa<\/span> de decisions<\/span> en aquest<\/span> sector<\/span> estrat\u00e8gic<\/span>, mitjan\u00e7ant<\/span> confer\u00e8ncies<\/span>, seminaris<\/span>, tallers<\/span> i publicacions<\/span> que<\/span> aborden<\/span> l\u2019energia<\/span> des<\/span> de m\u00faltiples<\/span> perspectives<\/span>\u201d afirmava<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u201cLa Uni\u00f3<\/span> Europea<\/span> i els<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span> han<\/span> mantingut<\/span> durant<\/span> molt<\/span> de temps<\/span> posicions<\/span> diferents<\/span> respecte<\/span> als<\/span> desafiaments<\/span> energ\u00e8tics<\/span>. No obstant<\/span> aix\u00f2<\/span>, aquestes<\/span> difer\u00e8ncies<\/span> s’han<\/span> accentuat<\/span> molt<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> sota<\/span> la pol\u00edtica<\/span> actual<\/span> dels<\/span> Estats<\/span> Units<\/span>, mentre<\/span> que<\/span> tamb\u00e9<\/span> es poden<\/span> observar<\/span> fractures<\/span> significatives<\/span> dins<\/span> de la mateixa<\/span> postura<\/span> europea<\/span> i \u00e9s dif\u00edcil<\/span> imaginar<\/span> un escenari<\/span> en el qual<\/span> posicions<\/span> tan<\/span> oposades<\/span> puguin<\/span> coexistir<\/span>. Tot<\/span> aix\u00f2<\/span>, per<\/span> descomptat<\/span>, comporta<\/span> conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies<\/span> econ\u00f2miques<\/span> i estrat\u00e8giques<\/span> importants<\/span>. Alguna<\/span> cosa<\/span> haur\u00e0<\/span> de canviar<\/span>, i aviat<\/span>, ja que<\/span> sembla<\/span> poc<\/span> probable<\/span> que<\/span> s\u2019assoleixin<\/span> els<\/span> objectius<\/span> clim\u00e0tics<\/span>, ni hi ha claredat<\/span> sobre<\/span> el nou<\/span> ordre<\/span> dels<\/span> mercats<\/span> energ\u00e8tics<\/span> amb<\/span> el qual<\/span> hauran<\/span> de bregar<\/span> els<\/span> governs<\/span> i les<\/span> empreses<\/span>. Per<\/span> aix\u00f2<\/span>, i per<\/span> ajudar<\/span> a entendre<\/span> aquestes<\/span> q\u00fcestions<\/span>, poques<\/span> figures<\/span> podrien<\/span> estar<\/span> m\u00e9s<\/span> qualificades<\/span> que<\/span> els<\/span> nostres<\/span> dos<\/span> distingits<\/span> convidats<\/span> d\u2019avui<\/span>\u201d, conclo\u00efa<\/span> Villaseca<\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019exsecret\u00e0ria del Departament d\u2019Energia dels Estats Units i l\u2019editor adjunt i columnista d\u2019economia al Financial Times han estat els protagonistes d\u2019una nova edici\u00f3 del cicle de confer\u00e8ncies organitzades per Fundaci\u00f3 Naturgy i IESE, Energy Prospectives.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1454,"featured_media":94323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[240],"tags":[],"content-type":[1222],"acf":[],"post_class":["post-94344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energia-i-medi-ambient","content-type-nota-premsa","wordpress-sticky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94344"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1454"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94344"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94345,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94344\/revisions\/94345"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/94323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94344"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fundacionnaturgy.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=94344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}